Engineer Forum

We are deploying SC-360 units in Saudi Arabia where ambient temperatures regularly exceed 45°C. Looking for engineering insights on thermal management strategies, derating curves, and cooling system optimization. Has anyone successfully deployed in similar conditions?

Sharing our team's complete implementation guide for OCPP 2.0.1 with focus on smart charging profiles and dynamic load balancing. Includes code samples and configuration templates for SHARE CHARGING hardware.

近来很多桩企反馈,他们的充电桩产品出口德国的遇到了困难——原有的CE证书和报告无法满足要求,需要额外提供VDE 4100的测试报告。“CE(CONFORMITE EUROPEENNE)不就是欧洲统一市场的意思么,按理来说只要做了CE就可以出口欧盟的任意国家,为什么还需要额外的要求呢?,德国太过分了”。某位国内龙头桩企的海外负责人愤愤地表达了自己的不满。充电桩出口德国确实会有很多额外的要求。比方说,充电桩的电表需要通过德国PTB认证,只能够在德国本地测试还需要裸露在外可视化;没有贴上CE安全标识的充电桩,德国工人直接会拒绝安装,给再多钱也不干;充电枪的位置高度也有具体的要求,能够满足残障人士的正常使用。这些要求也谈不上不合理,说明德国对在他们国家所使用的产品,进行了更严格的把关,提出更高的质量要求。对于广大德国人民是好事情的,只不过对国内出口的桩企提出了更高的要求。很明显,充电桩符合VDE 4100的测试正是德国产品更高要求的体现之一。 (一)VDE-AR-N 4100,其英文全称是Technical rules for the connection and operation of customer installations to the low voltage network (TCR low voltage)。直译为中文为:客户安装连接和操作的技术规则(TCR低电压)。简单来说,VDE 4100是德国一个安装标准,旨在给接入低压电网(额定电压≤1000V AC/1500V DC)的产品或者运营商提供安装、连接和操作的技术指南。这个标准最原始的意图,是给储能产品或者发电装置准备的。在城市的供电网络体系中,除了主发电网络,还有很多小型分布式能源也可以并入电网进行供电,如带有逆变器的储能电池、光伏太阳能板,或者一些水电和风电的发电设备。这些设备如果没有任何限制,直接并入主电网,那电网会乱套的。首先,电网需要统一调配。城市的用电是一个整体,每个时段和区域用电量都不太一样。如果贸然的、没有报备接入电网,很可能无法满足实际的用电需求或者造成电能的浪费。其次,电网对于接入的电能是有质量要求的。主电网的电能,有特定的电压、频率、相位角、功率因素等相关参数。如果接入电网的电能,电压偏差比较厉害,频率也达不到规定频率,三项也不平衡,那不仅仅不是给电网供电,而是拖整个电网的后腿。图片来自VDE 4100 2019附录D最后,所接入的发电装置需要满足额外安全和可靠性的要求。如需要提供防雷保护、足够好的接地连续性、良好的EMC表现、网络的稳定性等等。这些是确保接入电网的发电装置能够长期稳定运行的保障。因此,对于储能产品或者发电装置需要额外满足VDE 4100的要求便显得合理而且有必要了。但是就充电桩而言,其只是向电网“取电”,并不需要馈电,那么为什么还需要符合VDE 4100的要求呢? (二)主要有两方面的考量。第一是,随着电动汽车的增加,所配套的充电桩数量也必然的增加。充电桩的功率,除了3.7kw的随身充之外,交流桩基本上都是7kW、11kW和22kW。而直流桩的功率更大了,120kW、240kW到兆瓦级别。德国很多城市建设很早,电网容量并不是很充裕。全面铺开的充电桩,接入电网之前,肯定是需要报备审批的。所以VDE 4100清晰的规定,超过3.6kW的充电设备必须向当地网络运营商注册(Charging stations for electric vehicles with rated powers ≥ 3,6 kVA as well as all electrical storage units shall be registered with the network operator)。图片来自VDE 4100:2018 附录B同时还需要具备电网友好的能力——即在预期使用过程中不能够对电网造成规定范围之外的影响,如谐波、电压闪闪烁、三相不平衡、超频和欠频有功功率行为(大于12kW的充电桩才有如此要求,详细见VDE 4105))等。第二是,随着ISO 15118-20的发布,具有V2G向电网馈电的充电桩也开始应用于市场了。带有V2G的充电桩+汽车里面的动力电池,相当于是一个小型发电厂了,如果整个城市的车和桩都具备向电网的馈电功能,那发电量是很可观的。因此,充电桩当做储能电池或者发电厂也满足VDE 4100也是说得过去的。 (三)上面我们介绍了VDE 4100的标准内容和充电桩考量VDE 4100的出发点,我们接着分享一下VDE 4100标准中关于充电桩的实际测试。坦诚的说,如果充电桩本身不带有电网的馈电功能,需要做的测试很少。具体的测试要求在5.4(System perturbations)、5. 5(Phase balance)和10.6(S

ISO 15118-20 is the latest version of the ISO 15118 standard series, a future-oriented communication standard for electric vehicle (EV) charging. Developed by joint ISO/IEC working groups since late 2015, it extends ISO 15118-2 by adding new features and resolving implementation limitations, aiming to support all EV types (passenger cars, trucks, buses, aircraft, etc.) and all charging use cases. As an extension of ISO 15118-2 (which governs AC/DC charging and Plug & Charge), ISO 15118-20 introduces key new capabilities: supporting Wireless Power Transfer (WPT), Bidirectional Power Transfer (BPT, also known as V2G), and Automatic Connection Devices (ACD, e.g., pantograph charging for electric buses). It adds a new "dynamic" control mode (alongside the existing "scheduled" mode) for grid ancillary services, enabling off-board systems to control charging without negotiation. Multiplexed communication allows service renegotiation (e.g., charging to discharging) without interrupting ongoing charging sessions. Critical improvements include mandatory Transport Layer Security (TLS) for all use cases and identification mechanisms (eliminating security loopholes in ISO 15118-2) and simplified management of multiple personalized EV contract certificates, addressing limitations of single-contract support. With the growing adoption of EVs and renewable energy, ISO 15118-20 paves the way for more secure, convenient, and versatile future EV charging, supporting V2G applications and diverse charging scenarios.

# Mainstream Communication Protocols for New Energy Electric Vehicle Charging ## 1. Chinese National Standard: GB/T 27930 - Full name: *Communication Protocol between Off-board Conductive Charger and Battery Management System for Electric Vehicles* - Latest version: GB/T 27930-2025 - Underlying communication: **CAN bus** - Application: Mandatory for all EVs and DC fast chargers in China ## 2. European & American Standard: CCS System ### (1) DIN 70121 - Underlying communication: **CAN bus** - Function: Basic handshaking and power control for CCS DC fast charging ### (2) ISO 15118 - Underlying communication: **PLC (Power Line Communication)** - Core functions: **Plug and Charge (PnC)**, V2G (Vehicle-to-Grid), encrypted authentication ## 3. North American Standard: NACS (SAE J3400) - Communication protocol: Fully compatible with **ISO 15118** - Background: Defined as the official charging standard in North America, led by Tesla ## 4. Japanese Standard: CHAdeMO - Underlying communication: **CAN bus** - Feature: Early support for V2G, mainly used in Japan ## 5. Next-Generation High-Power Charging: ChaoJi (GB/T 40321) - Communication: Integrated **CAN + ISO 15118 (PLC)** - Position: Future unified solution for ultra-high-power charging up to 900kW

The latest firmware v4.2.1 brings significant improvements to charging efficiency and remote diagnostics. This post covers all new features, bug fixes, and known issues we've encountered during testing.

Comprehensive comparison of grid connection requirements, permits, and utility company negotiations across Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesia, and Malaysia for high-power DC chargers.

Detailed market analysis covering Nigeria, Kenya, South Africa, and Egypt. Includes infrastructure gaps, regulatory landscape, investment opportunities, and recommended product configurations for African markets.

Documenting a recurring issue with CCS2 connector communication errors (E0x47) on SC-120 units. Sharing diagnostic steps, root cause analysis, and the fix that worked for our fleet of 45 chargers.

Sharing our experience deploying 28 SC-60 units across Almaty and Nur-Sultan. Key challenges included unstable grid voltage, extreme cold weather (-40°C), and local certification requirements.

Complete implementation guide for ISO 15118-20 Plug & Charge on SHARE CHARGING hardware. Covers PKI infrastructure setup, certificate management, and backend integration.

Technical deep-dive into PFC optimization strategies for SC-360 deployments in areas with weak grid infrastructure. Includes simulation results and real-world performance data from 12 sites.

Tutorial on setting up a comprehensive remote monitoring solution using MQTT broker, InfluxDB, and Grafana for real-time charger fleet management. Includes dashboard templates.

As V2G technology matures, we are evaluating integration with SHARE CHARGING bidirectional chargers. This post covers current hardware readiness, grid operator requirements, pilot project results from our 8-site trial in the Netherlands, and a practical deployment roadmap for 2025-2026. Key findings include peak shaving potential of up to 30% and revenue sharing models with utility partners.

Comprehensive analysis of connector standard adoption across Japan, South Korea, China, and Southeast Asia. Data collected from 1,200+ charging stations. CHAdeMO still dominates in Japan (78%) while CCS2 is rapidly gaining ground in SEA markets. Includes transition strategy recommendations for operators managing mixed fleets and legacy infrastructure.

Detailed field report from deploying 64 SC-120 and SC-240 units across Norway, Sweden, and Alberta, Canada. Covers battery pre-conditioning protocols, enclosure heating systems, cable flexibility at -35°C, and UI adaptations for gloved operation. Includes failure mode analysis and the engineering solutions that reduced cold-weather downtime by 73%.

Practical guide for Charge Point Operators (CPOs) on maximizing revenue from DC fast charging assets. Topics include dynamic pricing algorithms, fleet charging contracts, advertising revenue, grid services participation, and data monetization. Based on financial modeling from 15 operating CPOs across Europe and Southeast Asia with combined portfolio of 800+ chargers.